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Level 3 · Mathematical tools for models

High school and college bridge

Level 3 icon High-school bridge: High school and college bridge

Build the mathematical tools that causal and quantum models use. Work with numbers, vectors, functions, and uncertainty. Each calculation has a stated meaning. A correct calculation does not by itself prove that a model describes a physical system.

Lessons in this level

LessonObjectiveLab
L3-01 · Complex numbers and phaseCalculate a complex magnitude and explain the difference between magnitude and phase.Interference
L3-02 · Vectors and inner productsNormalize a vector and calculate its overlap with a basis vector.Qubits and the Bloch sphere
L3-03 · Matrices as transformationsApply a matrix to a vector and test whether a simple transformation preserves norm.Qubits and the Bloch sphere
L3-04 · Tensor products and joint systemsConstruct a joint vector and distinguish a product state from a correlated state.Entanglement and Bell tests
L3-05 · Eigenvectors and observablesFind an eigenvalue and connect it to a possible measurement result.Qubits and the Bloch sphere
L3-06 · Derivatives and gradientsCalculate a derivative and interpret a gradient as local change.Variational circuits and gradients
L3-07 · Expectation and varianceCalculate a distribution’s mean and variance without treating the mean as a certain outcome.Chance and repeated trials
L3-08 · Entropy and uncertaintyCalculate binary entropy and distinguish it from the value of one outcome.Noise and quantum channels
L3-09 · Optimization and learningPerform a gradient descent step and explain why a lower training loss is an incomplete success test.Variational circuits and gradients
L3-10 · Estimation, intervals, and repeated testsEstimate a probability and describe the sampling meaning of a confidence interval.Chance and repeated trials

Watch & listen

Complex number fundamentals | Ep. 3 Lockdown live math. 3Blue1Brown · 1h 22m · 2020. 3Blue1Brown live lecture on complex number fundamentals.

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